cxcl13  (R&D Systems)

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Human single cell RNA-sequencing reveals a targetable CD8 + exhausted T cell population that maintains mouse low-grade glioma growth

doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54569-4

Figure Lengend Snippet: A Schematic representation of the anti-PD1 (α-PD1), anti-TIGIT (α-TIGIT), and combined (α-PD1 + TIGIT) antibody treatments. Nf1 -OPG mice were treated (200 µg/dose/ i.p., twice per week) from 12 to 16 weeks of age, and tissues were analyzed at 16 weeks. The control group was injected with anti-IgG isotype control antibodies. Created in BioRender. Chatterjee, J. (2024) BioRender.com/r98n914. B Immunohistochemistry and quantification CD8 + T cells in the entire optic nerve (IgG, n = 10 mice; α-TIGIT, n = 10 mice; α-PD1, n = 6 mice; α-PD1 + TIGIT, n = 5 mice). Data are represented as mean ± SD. A one-way ANOVA test was performed followed by a Dunnett’s post-test correction. Exact P values are indicated (α-TIGIT, P = 0.0054; α-PD1, P = 0.0003; α-PD1 + TIGIT, P = 0.0032). Scale bar, 200 µm. C Ccl2 RNA expression in the optic nerves of Nf1 -OPG mice treated with IgG, α-TIGIT, α-PD1 or a combination of α-PD1 and α-TIGIT antibodies. Data are represented relative to the IgG control group (IgG, n = 5, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-TIGIT n = 5, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1 + TIGIT, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample). Data are represented as mean ± SD. A one-way ANOVA test was performed followed by a Dunnett’s post-test correction. Exact P values are indicated. D Volcano plot showing fold change and P value comparing Nf1 -OPG TAM to Nf1 +/ and WT monocytes in the optic nerves of 12-week-old mice. Upregulated genes in red, downregulated genes in blue. Differential analyses were performed using gene specific analysis (GSA). E Ccr2, Cxcr3 , and Cxcr5 expression in T cell populations from 12-week-old Nf1 -OPG mouse optic nerves, color-coded by T cell type. F Cxcl9, Ccl12 , and Cxcl13 RNA expression in the optic nerves of 12-week-old WT and Nf1 -OPG mice. Data are represented relative to the WT group ( Cxcl9 ; WT n = 3, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; Nf1 -OPG n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; Ccl12 ; WT n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; Nf1 -OPG n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; Cxcl13 ; WT n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; Nf1 -OPG n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample). Data are represented as mean ± SD. To evaluate statistical differences, a two-tailed non-parametric Mann–Whitney test was performed. Exact P values are indicated. ns, not significant. G Graph showing the percentage of migrated Nf1 +/- CD8 + T cells treated with medium (Control) ( n = 5), Ccl12 ( n = 6), or Cxcl13 ( n = 5). Data are represented as mean ± SD. A one-way ANOVA test was performed followed by a Dunnett’s post-test correction. Exact P values are indicated. Created in BioRender. Chatterjee, J. (2024) BioRender.com/r98n914. H Ccl12 RNA expression in the optic nerves of Nf1 -OPG mice treated with IgG, α-TIGIT, α-PD1 or a combination of α-PD1 and α-TIGIT antibodies. Data are represented relative to the IgG control group (IgG, n = 5, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-TIGIT n = 5, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1 + TIGIT, n = 3, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample). Data are represented as mean ± SD. A one-way ANOVA test was performed followed by a Tukey’s post-test correction. Exact P values are indicated (α-TIGIT, P = 0.0012; α-PD1, P = 0.0187; α-PD1 + TIGIT, P = 0.0013). I Cxcl13 RNA expression in the optic nerves of Nf1 -OPG mice treated with IgG, α-TIGIT, α-PD1 or a combination of α-PD1 and α-TIGIT antibodies. Data are represented relative to the IgG control group (IgG, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-TIGIT n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample; α-PD1 + TIGIT, n = 4, 2 pooled optic nerves per sample). Data are represented as mean ± SD. A one-way ANOVA test was performed followed by a Tukey’s post test correction. Exact P values are indicated (α-TIGIT, P = 0.0003; α-PD1, P = 0.0007; α-PD1 + TIGIT, P = 0.0001).

Article Snippet: 500 μl of chemoattractant media (Ccl12 [25 ng/ml, 428-P5-025- R&D systems ] and Cxcl13 [1 µg/ml, 470-BC-025- R&D systems] ) was added to the lower chamber, and the number of T cells in the lower chambers counted 6 h later.

Techniques: Control, Injection, Immunohistochemistry, RNA Expression, Expressing, Two Tailed Test, MANN-WHITNEY

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: CXCR5 engineered human and murine Tregs for targeted suppression in secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1513009

Figure Lengend Snippet: FVIII TRuCε CXCR5 Tregs display improved in vitro and in vivo persistence. (A) In vitro migration of FVIII CAR, FVIII CAR CXCR5, and FVIII TRuCε transduced Tregs through a transwell in response to either serum free media, CXCL12 or CXCL13 gradients. Number of migrated mScarlet + cells at the bottom of the transwell are quantified by flow cytometry following 6hrs of incubation. (B) Kinetics of in vivo migration of adoptively transferred FVIII TRuCε or FVIII TRuCε CXCR5 T conv cells to the spleen on days 1, 2, 4, and 7 following adoptive transfer. Mice received i.v. injections of recombinant FVIII on days 0, 3, and 6. Frequencies of mScarlet + cells per total CD4 + T cells are quantified by flow cytometry. (C) Number of mScarlet + FVIII TRuCε or FVIII TRuCε CXCR5 Tregs per 10 7 CD4 + T cells are quantified from spleens and (D) inguinal lymph nodes (ILN) on day 7 post adoptive transfer. Data represents mean±SEM, ****p<0.0001, ∗p < 0.05, ∗∗p < 0.01 using 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons analysis for (A) , 2-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple comparisons analysis for (B) , unpaired t test for (C, D) .

Article Snippet: Lower chambers contained 600 μL serum-free medium with 1μg/mL of either recombinant mouse CXCL12 or CXCL13 (PeproTech, Rocky Hill, NJ).

Techniques: In Vitro, In Vivo, Migration, Flow Cytometry, Incubation, Adoptive Transfer Assay, Recombinant

Journal: International Journal of Molecular Sciences

Article Title: Syndecan-1 Plays a Role in the Pathogenesis of Sjögren’s Disease by Inducing B-Cell Chemotaxis through CXCL13–Heparan Sulfate Interaction

doi: 10.3390/ijms25179375

Figure Lengend Snippet: Identification of CXCL13 binding to syndecan-1 (SDC-1). ( A ) Co-expression of SDC-1 and CXCL13 in submandibular gland tissues of NOD/ShiLtJ mice. Each section was double-stained with immunofluorescent antibodies to determine the distribution of SDC-1 (CD138, red) and CXCL13 (green) on the epithelial cells. The sections were counterstained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI, blue). The merged images obtained by confocal microscopy show the yellow co-localization of both molecules. Magnified views of the boxed areas are shown in the right column. Scale bars = 50 and 25 µm. ( B ) Co-expression of SDC-1 and CXCL13 on normal murine mammary gland (NMuMG) cells. NMuMG cells were double-stained with anti-CXCL13 mAb (green) and anti-SDC-1 mAb (red). The sections were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 25 µm. ( C ) Association of SDC-1 with CXCL13 at the cell surface of NMuMG cells. NMuMG cells were incubated with 0, 50, 100, and 150 nM recombinant mouse CXCL13 for 18 h. The cell pellets of NMuMG cells were harvested following the protocol outlined in the Pierce™ Classic Magnetic IP/Co-IP Kit. The cell lysates were incubated with mouse anti-SDC-1 antibody, and anti-SDC-1 antibody binding complexes were analyzed by Western blotting assay with antibody against CXCL13 (Novus Biologicals, Centennial, CO, USA) or rat immunoglobulin G (control, Santacruz, Dallas, TX, USA).

Article Snippet: Recombinant mouse CXCL13 was purchased from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA), and Pierce™ Classic Magnetic IP/Co-IP Kit was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).

Techniques: Binding Assay, Expressing, Staining, Confocal Microscopy, Incubation, Recombinant, Co-Immunoprecipitation Assay, Western Blot, Control

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tertiary lymphoid structures induced by CXCL13-producing CD4 + T cells increase tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and B cells in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1101/2021.12.01.470493

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative TLS in tissues stained by H&E and CXCL13 (Fast RED) by RNA ISH. Scale bars indicate 100 µm. (B) TLS presence ratio based on CXCL13 gene expression. Analysis by Fisher’s exact test in 28 cases with microarray data. (C) Characterization of the immune infiltrate in tumors according to CXCL13 gene expression (n=28). Correlation was determined by Spearman’s correlation test. (D) (E) The distribution of infiltrating immune cells into the tumor site and CXCL13 gene expression using CIBERSORT (n=522). Correlation was determined by Spearman’s correlation test. (F) Overall survival of patients with HGSC by CXCL13 gene expression (TCGA n=217, KOV n=28). Patients with CXCL13 high defined if CXCL13 gene expression was above the median. Analyses were performed with Kaplan-Meier estimates, log-rank tests and Wilcoxon tests. The level of significance was set as * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, and **** P <0.0001.

Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant CXCL13 (R&D Systems) treatment was initiated one day after the tumor inoculation and administered intraperitoneally at 1 μg/mouse every other day for five times.

Techniques: Staining, Gene Expression, Microarray

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tertiary lymphoid structures induced by CXCL13-producing CD4 + T cells increase tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and B cells in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1101/2021.12.01.470493

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Fluorescent double staining of CXCL13 (red) and CD4 (green), and CXCL13 (red) and CD8 (white) by RNA ISH in TLS. Images of four representative TLS are shown. (B) Fluorescent double staining of CXCL13 (red) and CD4 (green), and CXCL13 (red) and CD8 (white) by RNA ISH in TIL. The upper and lower pictures are representative TIL images from the same patient. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars indicate 100 µm. Co-localization of CXCL13 with CD4 or CD8 is shown in the bar graph as the relative positive ratio quantified using BZ-H4C/hybrid cell count software.

Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant CXCL13 (R&D Systems) treatment was initiated one day after the tumor inoculation and administered intraperitoneally at 1 μg/mouse every other day for five times.

Techniques: Double Staining, Staining, Cell Counting, Software

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tertiary lymphoid structures induced by CXCL13-producing CD4 + T cells increase tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and B cells in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1101/2021.12.01.470493

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Representative images of early TLS. (B) Representative images of follicle-formed TLS. Upper panels show CXCL13 (RNA ISH, Fast RED) and lower panels show FDC (CD21 IHC, DAB). (C) Fluorescence double staining of CXCL13 (red) and CD4 (green), CXCL13 (red) and CD8 (white), and CXCL13 (red) and CD21 (light blue) in representative early TLS and follicle-formed TLS. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar indicates 100 µm. Co-localization of CXCL13 with CD4, CD8, or CD21 is shown in the bar graph as the relative positive ratio quantified using BZ-H4C/hybrid cell count software.

Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant CXCL13 (R&D Systems) treatment was initiated one day after the tumor inoculation and administered intraperitoneally at 1 μg/mouse every other day for five times.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Double Staining, Staining, Cell Counting, Software

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tertiary lymphoid structures induced by CXCL13-producing CD4 + T cells increase tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and B cells in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1101/2021.12.01.470493

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Correlation between CXCL13 and TGF-β1 expression in TCGA (n=217) and KOV (n=28). Correlation was determined by Spearman’s correlation test. (B) Human naïve CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from a healthy donor were differentiated by TCR stimulation and TGF-β1 in the presence or absence of a TGF signal inhibitor, SB431542. The proportion of CXCL13 + cells was determined by flow cytometry. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of four samples. Statistical significance was determined by two-tailed Student’s t -test, * P <0.05, ** P <0.01, *** P <0.001, n.s.: not significant. (C) The concentration of TGF-β1 in conditioned medium obtained from three human ovarian cancer cell lines was measured by ELISA. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of three samples. (D) Human naïve CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from a healthy donor were differentiated with TCR stimulation and conditioned medium obtained from three human ovarian cancer cell lines in the presence or absence of a TGF signal inhibitor, SB431542. The proportion of CXCL13 + cells was determined by flow cytometry. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of triplicates. (E) (F) (G) Human naïve CD4 + and CD8 + T cells from a healthy donor were differentiated with TCR stimulation and the indicated cytokines. The proportion of CXCL13 + cells was determined by flow cytometry (E) . The concentration of CXCL13 in the culture supernatant was measured by ELISA (F) . Data are shown as the mean ± SEM of four samples in CD4 and three samples in CD8. Statistical significance was determined by two-tailed Student’s t -test, * P <0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P <0.0001, n.s.: not significant. Representative dot plots of PD-1 (upper row), CXCR5 (lower row), and intracellular CXCL13 in healthy human naïve CD4 + T cells are shown (G) . a IL-2 Ab indicates anti IL-2 antibody.

Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant CXCL13 (R&D Systems) treatment was initiated one day after the tumor inoculation and administered intraperitoneally at 1 μg/mouse every other day for five times.

Techniques: Expressing, Flow Cytometry, Two Tailed Test, Concentration Assay, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay

Journal: bioRxiv

Article Title: Tertiary lymphoid structures induced by CXCL13-producing CD4 + T cells increase tumor infiltrating CD8 + T cells and B cells in ovarian cancer

doi: 10.1101/2021.12.01.470493

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Mouse rCXCL13 was administered intraperitoneally to induce TLS in a mouse ovarian cancer model. Representative H&E images of TLS formed in an omental tumor. The area of TLS per tumor area was compared between the control group and the rCXCL13 treated group (n=7, each). Statistical significance was determined by two-tailed Student’s t -test, * P <0.05. (B) TLS induced by mouse rCXCL13 (H&E) and expression of mouse CXCL13 corresponding to TLS (RNA ISH, Fast RED). (C) CD8 + T cell IHC images (DAB) in the rCXCL13 treated group and control group. Scale bars indicate 100 µm. (D) (E) The effect of rCXCL13 administration on the survival of tumor-bearing mice was compared between immunocompetent mice (D) and immunodeficient mice (E). Analyses were performed using Kaplan-Meier estimates and log-rank tests.

Article Snippet: Mouse recombinant CXCL13 (R&D Systems) treatment was initiated one day after the tumor inoculation and administered intraperitoneally at 1 μg/mouse every other day for five times.

Techniques: Control, Two Tailed Test, Expressing